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| 免疫衰老：老年患者手术不良预后的“推手” |
| Immunosenescence: a “contributor” to postoperative poor prognosis in surgical elderly patients |
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| DOI：10.12089/jca.2025.01.002 |
| 中文关键词: 免疫衰老 炎性衰老 麻醉 手术 老年 不良预后 |
| 英文关键词: Immunosenescence Inflammaging Anesthesia Surgery Aged Poor prognosis |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着人口老龄化的加剧，接受手术治疗的老年患者日益增加。免疫衰老是衰老的重要组成部分，可导致机体免疫监视、清除和应答等能力下降。老年人普遍存在免疫衰老现象，手术、麻醉等应激之后，老年患者术后感染与认知障碍等并发症的发生率显著增加。本文主要就免疫衰老的特征性变化、免疫衰老与手术不良预后的关系进行综述，以期为改善老年患者手术预后提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As the population ages, the proportion of elderly patients undergoing surgery is increasing. Immunosenescence is an important component of aging, which can lead to a decline in immune surveillance, clearance capacity, and response. The phenomenon of immunosenescence is common among the elderly, and stress from surgery and anesthesia can significantly increase the risk of postoperative complications such as infections and cognitive disorders in elderly patients. This article mainly reviews the characteristic changes of immunosenescence and its relationship with adverse postoperative outcomes, aiming to provide a reference for improving the prognosis in surgical elderly patients. |
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