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| 曲马多对东莨菪碱致大鼠认知功能障碍的影响 |
| Effects of tramadol on scopolamine-induced impairment of cognitive dysfunction in rats |
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| DOI：10.12089/jca.2019.05.018 |
| 中文关键词: 曲马多 东莨菪碱 认知功能障碍 海马 5-羟色胺 |
| 英文关键词: Tramadol Scopolamine Cognitive dysfunction 5-hydroxytryptamine |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
目的 探讨曲马多对东莨菪碱致大鼠认知功能障碍的影响。
方法 健康雄性SD大鼠40只，随机分为盐水对照组（C组）、东莨菪碱组（S组）、东莨菪碱+曲马多干预组（ST组）和单纯曲马多干预组（T组），每组10只。采用腹腔注射东莨菪碱的
方法 建立大鼠认知功能障碍模型。S组腹腔注射东莨菪碱1.8 mg/kg，ST组腹腔注射东莨菪碱1. 8 mg/kg 和曲马多10 mg/kg, T组腹腔注射等容量曲马多10 mg/kg，C组腹腔注射等容量生理盐水。4组大鼠于注药后第7天行Y型电迷宫实验，观察大鼠认知功能变化。Y型电迷宫实验完毕即刻处死大鼠，取海马组织，采用ELISA法检测大鼠血清和海马组织中5-HT浓度，采用HE染色法观察海马神经元细胞形态学。
结果 与C组比较，S组和ST组Y型迷宫实验正确反应次数明显减少，达标时间明显延长，血清和海马组织中5-HT浓度明显降低（P<0.05）； T组血清和海马组织中5-HT浓度明显升高（P<0.05）。与S组比较，ST组Y型迷宫实验正确反应次数明显增多，达标时间明显缩短，血清和海马组织中5-HT浓度明显升高（P<0.05）。光镜下，C组与T组海马神经元细胞排列整齐，层次清晰，核大而圆，形态完整。S组海马神经元细胞排列紊乱，层次不清，出现细胞膜断裂，细胞质减少，细胞核固缩，甚至空泡变性。ST组海马神经元细胞上述形态学改变较S组明显减轻。
结论 腹腔注射曲马多10 mg/kg可改善东莨菪碱所致大鼠认知功能，使大鼠海马神经元细胞形态学改变减轻，海马组织和血清中5-HT浓度升高。提示东莨胆碱致大鼠认知功能障碍可能与大鼠体内乙酰胆碱及5-HT这两种神经递质之间的均衡性失调有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
Ojective To investigate the effect of tramadol on scopolamine-induced postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in rats.
Methods Forty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into saline control group (n=10), scopolamine group (n=10), tramadol intervention group (n=10) and pure tramadol group (n=10) . The rat’s model of cognitive dysfunction was established via intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine. The scopolamine group was intraperitoneally injected with scopolamine 1.8 mg/kg. The progesterone intervention group was intraperitoneally injected with scopolamine 1.8 mg/kg and tramadol 10 mg/kg. The pure tramadol group was intraperitoneally injected with equal volume of tramadol 10 mg/kg and normal saline. The saline control group was intraperitoneally injected with equal volume of normal saline. The cognitive function of the rats in the four groups were tested by Y-maze test after injecting drug 7 days. After the Y-type electric maze test, the rats were killed immediately, and the hippocampal neurons were taken. Hematoxylin eosin staining (HE staining) method was used to observe the morphological changes. The level of 5-HT in serum and hippocampal neurons was detected by ELISA.
Results Compared with group C, the number of correct responses of rats reduced in Y-maze test, and total reaction time increased, and the level of 5-HT in serum and hippocampus neurons increased in groups S and ST(P < 0.05); Compared with group S, the number of correct responses of rats increased in Y-maze test, and total reaction time reduced, and the level of 5-HT in serum and hippocampus neurons increased in group ST(P < 0.05). Under the light microscope, the hippocampal neurons cells of groups C and T were arranged regularly and clearly, with rounded and big nucleus in regular cell shape. The hippocampal neurons cells of group S was disorganized and the structure was unclear, and the cell membrane was disrupted, and cytoplasm decreased, karyopyknosis and vacuolar degeneration. The morphological changes of hippocampal neurons cells in group ST were significantly reduced compared with group S.
Conclusion Intraperitoneal injection of tramadol 10 mg/kg for rats can improve the performance of cognitive dysfunction caused by scopolamine, thus the morphological changes in hippocampal neurons can be decreased and the level of 5-HT in serum and hippocampus neurons can be elevated, which suggests that the model of cognitive dysfunction may be related to the imbalance between the equilibrium of acetylcholine and 5-HT in rats. |
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