文章摘要
右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因连续腰丛神经阻滞对髋关节置换术后早期康复的影响
Effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine for continuous lumbar plexus block in early recov-ery of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasy
  
DOI：
中文关键词: 右美托咪定  术后康复  神经阻滞  镇痛  髋关节置换术
英文关键词: Dexmedetomidine  Recovery  Nerve block  Analgesia  Hip replacement
基金项目:贵州省科技厅-省人民医院联合基金(黔科合LH字[2015]7141)
作者单位
曾德亮 贵州省人民医院麻醉科, 贵阳市,550002 
章放香 贵州省人民医院麻醉科, 贵阳市,550002 
马熠 贵州省人民医院麻醉科, 贵阳市,550002 
余相地 贵州省人民医院麻醉科, 贵阳市,550002 
赵倩 贵州省人民医院麻醉科, 贵阳市,550002 
彭晶 贵州省人民医院麻醉科, 贵阳市,550002 
许国琴 贵州省人民医院麻醉科, 贵阳市,550002 
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中文摘要:
      目的：探讨右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因连续腰丛神经阻滞对髋关节置换术后早期康复的影响。方法选择择期行全髋关节置换术的老年患者60例,男35例,女25例,年龄65~84岁, ASA Ⅱ或Ⅲ级。随机分为两组,每组30例。术后均接受连续腰丛神经阻滞镇痛,背景剂量8 ml/h,冲击剂量4 ml/30 min。D 组配方为1μg/ml 右美托咪定+0.1%罗哌卡因,C 组配方为0.2%罗哌卡因。所有患者同时接吗啡静脉镇痛泵(1 mg/ml 吗啡50 ml)作为爆发疼痛时的解救药,冲击剂量1 ml/5 min,无背景输注。观察吗啡用量、术后6、12、24和48 h 的静息及运动 VAS 疼痛评分、患肢肌力、髋关节最大屈曲和外展活动度。记录术后不良反应的发生情况。于术前1 d、术后第1、7天采用匹兹堡睡眠指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)评价睡眠质量。结果 D 组吗啡用量明显少于 C 组(P <0.05)。两组静息和运动 VAS 疼痛评分差异无统计学意义。术后6、12、24和48 h,D 组患肢肌力评分明显高于 C 组,髋关节最大外展活动度和最大屈曲度明显大于 C 组(P <0.05)。与术前1 d 比较,术后第1天和第7天两组的 PSQI 评分明显增高,且 D 组明显低于 C 组(P <0.05)。D组术后恶心呕吐、瘙痒、谵妄等不良反应发生率明显低于 C 组(P <0.05)。结论相对于0.2%罗哌卡因,1μg/ml 右美托咪定复合0.1%罗哌卡因连续腰丛神经阻滞可以为髋关节置换术后早期提供更好的镇痛,提高术后睡眠质量,有利于患者关节功能锻炼和术后早期康复。
英文摘要:
      Objective To explore the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine for continuous lumbar plexus block on the quality of early recovery in patients undergoing total hip ar-throplasty.Methods Sixty patients (35 males and 25 females)with ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ, aged 65-84 years,undergoing total hip replacement were randomly assigned to dexmedetomidine com-bined with ropivacaine group (group D)or ropivacaine group (group C).All patients received ropiva-caine which was administered via continuous lumbar plexus block as patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)after surgery.The PCA were programmed with a background infusion 8 ml/h of ropivacaine, bolus dose was 4 m1 and the block time was 30 min;the patients in group C received 0.2% ropiva-caine,and the patients in group D received 0.1% ropivaciane combined with 1 μg/ml of dexmedeto-midine by the way of intravenous infusion.In addition,all patients received another patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA)with 1 mg/ml of morphine for relieving the explosive pain.The PCIA was programmed with a lobus dose of morphine 1 mg without background dose,the block time was 5 min.Consumption of morphine and visual analog scale (VAS)score,muscle strength and maximum flexion and abduction of hip joint were recorded at the time points of 6,12,24 and 48 h after opera-tion.The side-effect reactions such as nausea,vomiting,drowsiness and itching were recorded.The sleep quality was assessed with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)on day 1 before operation,day 1 and day 7 after operation.Results The consumption of morphine in group D was significantly fewer than group C (P <0.05).Compared with group C,muscle strength and maximum flexion and abduc-tion of hip joint in group D were increased at 6,12,24 and 48 h after operation (P <0.05 ).PSQI scores were decreased on the day 1 and day 7 after operation.The incidence of delirium,nausea and vomiting,drowsiness and itching in group D were decreased (P <0.05).Conclusion 0.1% ropiva-ciane continuous lumbar plexus block combined with 1 μg/ml of dexmedetomidine by the way of in-travenous infusion could provide satisfied analgesia for the operation of total hip arthroplasty;the sleep quality is improved,the functional exercise of hip joint is promoted.
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