文章摘要
薰衣草芳香疗法对老年患者全髋膝关节置换术围术期睡眠质量及术后谵妄的影响
Effect of lavender aromatherapy on perioperative sleep quality and postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty
  
DOI：10.12089/jca.2026.01.006
中文关键词: 薰衣草  芳香疗法  全髋关节置换术  全膝关节置换术  围术期睡眠质量  术后谵妄
英文关键词: Lavender  Aromatherapy  Total hip arthroplasty  Total knee arthroplasty  Perioperative sleep quality  Postoperative delirium
基金项目:河北省卫健委课题(20240659)
作者单位E-mail
段然 050051,石家庄市,河北省人民医院麻醉科  
曹珑璐 050051,石家庄市,河北省人民医院麻醉科  
李攀 050051,石家庄市,河北省人民医院麻醉科  
吴晓倩 050051,石家庄市,河北省人民医院麻醉科  
李建立 050051,石家庄市,河北省人民医院麻醉科 hblijianli@163.com 
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中文摘要:
      
目的：探讨薰衣草芳香疗法对老年患者全髋膝关节置换术围术期睡眠质量和术后谵妄(POD)的影响。
方法：选择行单侧全髋或全膝关节置换术的老年患者，年龄65～95岁，BMI 18.5～28.0 kg/m2，ASA Ⅱ或Ⅲ级。采用随机数字表法分为两组：薰衣草芳香疗法组(F组)和对照组(C组)。F组自住院当晚至术前1 d，每天晚上7至9点进行薰衣草吸嗅；C组于同一时间行生理盐水吸嗅。两组均采用标准流程腰-硬联合麻醉。主要指标为POD发生率。采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评估入院时的睡眠质量。采用理查兹-坎贝尔睡眠量表(RCSQ)评分评估术前1 d、术后1、2 d的睡眠质量。采用意识模糊法评估术后1~7 d POD的发生情况。记录POD持续时间、住院时间、曲马多用量。记录术后恶心、呕吐、过敏、日间嗜睡、头痛等不良反应的发生情况。
结果：共纳入患者119例，F组59例，C组60例。与C组比较，F组POD的发生率明显降低，术前1 d、术后1、2 d RCSQ评分明显升高，住院时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。两组POD持续时间、术后曲马多用量和不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义。
结论： 薰衣草芳香疗法可改善老年全髋膝关节置换术患者围术期睡眠质量，降低POD发生率，缩短住院时间，且不增加不良反应。
英文摘要:
      
Objective: To investigate the effect of lavender aromatherapy on perioperative sleep quality and postoperative delirium (POD)in elderly patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty.
Methods: Elderly patients undergoing total hip and knee joint replacement aged 65-95 years, BMI 18.5-28 kg/m2 and ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ, were selected. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: lavender aromatherapy group (group F) and control group (group C). Group F received lavender inhalation from the night of admission to the day before the surgery, while group C received normal saline inhalation. Both groups underwent anesthesia using the standard combined spinal-epidural block method. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality at admission. The Richards-Campbell sleep scale (RCSQ) was used to evaluate the sleep quality on the day before surgery, the first day after surgery, and the second day after surgery. The confusion assessment method was used to assess the occurrence of POD from 1 to 7 days after surgery. The incidence of POD, duration of delirium, hospital stay, and tramadol dosage were recorded. The occurrence of adverse reactions such as postoperative nausea, vomiting, allergy, daytime drowsiness, and headache was also recorded.
Results: A total of 119 elderly patients were included, with 59 patients in group F and 60 patients in group C. Compared with group C, incidence of POD in group F was significantly lower, the RCSQ scores in group F significantly increased on the day before surgery, 1 day, and 2 days postoperatively, and the hospital stay was significantly shorter (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the duration of delirium and the dosage of tramadol used after surgery between the two groups. There was also no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.
Conclusion: Lavender aromatherapy can improve perioperative sleep quality, reduce the incidence of POD, and shorten hospital stay in elderly patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty, without increasing adverse events.
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