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| 术后疼痛与术后谵妄的研究进展 |
| Research advances in postoperative pain and postoperative delirium |
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| DOI：10.12089/jca.2025.09.013 |
| 中文关键词: 术后谵妄 术后疼痛 多模式镇痛 少阿片麻醉 预防性镇痛 加速术后康复 |
| 英文关键词: Postoperative delirium Postoperative pain Multimodal analgesia Low opioid anesthesia Preventive analgesia Enhanced recovery after surgery |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（62376168）；北京市医院管理中心“培育计划”（PX2022033） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 术后谵妄（POD）是一种常发生在苏醒期及术后1周内，定义为注意力和认知功能的突然和可变性损害的术后认知障碍，可伴有或不伴有意识障碍。术后疼痛是术后即刻发生的急性疼痛，通常持续不超过7 d。虽然术后疼痛已被证明是参与POD发生发展的重要因素，但其具体机制仍未被阐明。术后疼痛机制众多，但主要原因可归结为伤口痛、内脏痛以及炎性疼痛。现对近年来关于POD和术后疼痛的主要机制、相互关系以及相关的镇痛管理研究进展作一综述。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Postoperative delirium is a type of postoperative cognitive dysfunction that commonly occurs during the anesthesia emergence and within the first week after surgery. It is characterized by sudden and fluctuating impairments in attention and cognitive function, with or without disturbances in consciousness. Postoperative pain is an acute pain that occurs immediately after surgery and typically lasts no more than seven days. Although postoperative pain has been proven to be a significant factor in the development of POD, its precise mechanisms remain unclear. The mechanisms of postoperative pain are multifaceted, but they primarily stem from wound pain, visceral pain, and inflammatory pain. This review systematically summarizes the major mechanisms of POD and postoperative pain, their interrelationship, and relevant advances in analgesic management over recent years. |
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